Ethernet cables can come
in two forms when it comes to wiring:
This cable type has
identical wiring on both ends (pin 1 on one end of the cable is connected to
pin 1 at the other end of the cable, pin 2 is connected to pin 2 etc.):
This type of cable is
used to connect the following devices:
·
computer to hub
·
computer to switch
·
router to hub
·
router to switch
Computers and routers
use wires 1 and 2 to transmit data and wires 3 and 6 to receive data. Hubs and
switches use wires 1 and 2 to receive data and wires 3 and 6 to send data. That
is why, if you want to connect two computers together, you will need a
crossover cable.
Wire pairs are swapped,
which means that different pins are connected together – pin 1 on one end of
the cable is connected to pin 3 on the other end, pin 2 on one end is connected
to pin 6 on the other end (Photo credit: Wikipedia).
This type of cable is
used when you need to connect two devices that use the same wires to send
and the same wires to receive data. For example, consider connecting two
computers together. If you use straight-through cable, with identical wiring in
both ends, both computers will use wires 1 and 2 to send data. If computer A
sends some packets to computer B, computer A will send that data using wires 1
and 2. That will cause a problem because computers expect packets to be
received on wires 3 and 6, and your network will not work properly. This is why
you need to use a crossover cable for such connections.
NOTE
Newer devices support the Auto MDI-X capability to automatically detect and configure the required cable connection type. This removes the need for a specific cable type between certain devices. Also, note that the Gigabit Ethernet and faster standards use all four wire pairs to transfer data in both direction simultaneously.
Newer devices support the Auto MDI-X capability to automatically detect and configure the required cable connection type. This removes the need for a specific cable type between certain devices. Also, note that the Gigabit Ethernet and faster standards use all four wire pairs to transfer data in both direction simultaneously.
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